Somalia African Transitional Justice Hub

Central Regions State Formation Agreement (Mudug and Galgadug)

The Parties agreed to establish an inclusive regional administration for the Galgadud and Mudug regions, and to include the Somali clans that live together in Mudug and Galgadud regions in the formation of the administration. The administration that would be formed, while representing all the clans that reside in those two regions, would work in...

Peace Agreements

Cessation of Hostilities in Somalia

The Parties agreed to create federal governance structures for Somalia, embodied in a Charter or Constitution, which are inclusive, representative and accepted by all Parties. The Parties endorsed the principle of decentralisation, and agreed to ensure the rights, representation and protection of all Somali individuals and groups. The Parties agreed to use only peaceful means...

Regional Economic Communities Frameworks

Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

The treaty establishing the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) states its aims and objectives to be attaining sustainable growth and development of the member states, promoting joint development in all fields of economic activity and the joint adoption of macro-economic policies and programmes to raise the standard of living of its peoples,...

Regional Economic Communities Frameworks

Community of Sahel-Saharan States

According to its founding treaty, the objectives of the Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD) are the preservation and consolidation of peace, security and stability in the CEN-SAD zone; promotion of political dialogue and the fight against cross-border crime and its related scourges such as trafficking in drugs, arms and human beings, money-laundering and terrorism; combating...

Peace Agreements

End of the Transition Roadmap

The Parties to the Roadmap identified four priority areas to ending the Transition, namely Security, Constitution, Reconciliation and Good Governance. The Parties identified the principles for the implementation of the areas, including Somali ownership, inclusivity and participation, resources and monitoring and compliance. The Parties agreed to establish a Technical Committee to facilitate cooperation and coordination...

Peace Agreements

Eritrea-Somalia Joint Declaration on Brotherly Relations and Comprehensive Cooperation

With this Agreement, Eritrea supported the political independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Somalia. The Parties agreed to forge political, economic, social, cultural as well as defense and security cooperation, establish diplomatic relations and exchange ambassadors, promote bilateral trade and investment as well as educational and cultural exchanges, and foster regional peace, stability and economic...

Regional Economic Communities Frameworks

Intergovernmental Authority on Development

The agreement establishing the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) states that its aims and objectives include promoting joint development strategies and gradually harmonising macro-economic policies and programmes in the social, technological and scientific fields, as well as promoting peace and stability in the subregion and creating mechanisms within the subregion for the prevention, management and...

Peace Agreements

Joint Communiqué and Protocols of the Consultative Meeting of the Signatories of the Process for Ending the Transition

The Parties to the Joint Communiqué adopted four protocols: Protocol on the Technical Selection Committee; Protocol Establishing the Technical Facilitation Committee; Protocol Establishing the National Constituent Assembly; and Protocol Establishing a new Somali Federal Parliament. The Parties adopted the revised draft Provisional Constitution as the official draft. The Parties agreed that before the draft is...

Opinion

Justice and Social Reconciliation Are Key to Political Reconciliation in Somalia

Lasting peace in Somalia requires addressing social grievances, healing past conflicts, and establishing a robust justice system, in addition to political reconciliation initiatives, writes Farhia Mohamud.

Transitional Justice Processes

Somalia

In the context of competition over scarce resources, ethnic tensions and armed conflict, Somalia has been consumed by violence and gross human rights violations for the last five decades. On 1 July 1960, following a merger between the British Somaliland protectorate and the Italian Trust Territory of Somalia, Somalia was created in the Horn of...