East Africa African Transitional Justice Hub

Peace Agreements between Eritrea and Ethiopia

The Agreement on the Implementation of the OAU Framework provides for the cessation of all attacks and respect for international humanitarian law. The Parties agree to undertake necessary demining activities, restore civilian government and facilitate human rights monitoring. However, grievance resolution mechanisms would be established by the United Nations peacekeeping mission. The investigation into the...

Peace Agreements

Peace and Reconciliation Agreements between the Government of Djibouti and FRUD

The Parties to the 1994 Agreement agreed to respect the Constitution and to undertake any revisions in accordance with the rules of the Constitution. The Government undertook to continue the efforts initiated to restore damaged public infrastructure (administrative buildings, clinics, water points) and to provide aid and assistance to people who suffered loss during the...

Peace Agreements

Political Charter between the Sudan Government and the SPLA/M–United

The Parties to the Charter pledged to cooperate, support each other and stand together in bringing about peace and ruling the Sudan according to the following principles: preserving the unity of Sudan; testing a federal system; promote participatory democracy; fight sectarianism; observe freedom of religion; recognise cultural diversity; Sharia, customs and beliefs as sources for...

Peace Agreements

Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan

The Agreement provided for a Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity, and set out its establishment, mandate, composition and structure of the Executive, comprising a President, First Vice President and Vice Presidents, Council of Ministers and the Transitional National Legislative Assembly and Council of States. The Agreement provided for the boundaries and number of states....

Peace Agreements

Roadmap Agreement

The Parties acknowledged that the Sudan National Dialogue convened in October 2015 was not sufficiently inclusive, and agreed that national political matters should be discussed in the context of Sudan’s Inclusive National Dialogue. The Parties agreed that the Dialogue should be made more inclusive, particularly as the outcome of the Dialogue would form the basis...

Peace Agreements

Roadmap for Return of Internally Displaced Persons and Implementation of Abyei Protocol

The Parties to the Roadmap agreed to deploy a new Joint/Integrated Unit in Abyei and to deploy police to the area. The Parties agreed that IDPs would be allowed to return to their former homesteads. The Agreement provided for interim arrangements in Abyei Administration, and that the Presidency would initiate peace and reconciliation processes in...

Truth Commissions

Rwanda

The National Unity and Reconciliation Commission of Rwanda was originally founded on 3 December 1999. The commission states that it was formed in response to the 1994 genocide and aimed to foster national unity and reconciliation following that period in Rwandan history. According to its founding legislation, the commission sought to establish systems that would...

Transitional Justice Processes

Rwanda

The antagonism between Hutu and Tutsi that led to the 1994 genocide has its roots in the colonial period. From seizing power in 1897, the German colonizers failed to acknowledge the particular meanings given to the categories of Hutu and Tutsi in precolonial society. In general, the term ‘Hutu’ was used to describe the followers...

Truth Commissions

Seychelles

The Truth, Reconciliation and National Unity Commission (2018-2022) was mandated to investigate and create an accurate public record of human rights abuses related to the 1977 coup d’état in Seychelles and its aftermath. The commission’s investigations revealed deaths, unlawful killings and other human rights violations related to the coup and committed in the following years...

Transitional Justice Processes

Seychelles

A former French and British colony, Seychellois society has been shaped by a history of slave labour and trade, resource exploitation, and racialised socioeconomic inequality. In 1756, the French administration occupied Seychelles. Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars, France was forced to give Seychelles to Britain as a condition of the Treaty of Paris...