Parties: Government of the Sudan (GoS); Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A); Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)
Type: Intra-state
The Parties to the Darfur Peace Agreement established General Principles for power sharing, as well as criteria and guidelines for power sharing, to ensure the inclusion of Darfurians at all levels of governance in all institutions of the State. The Parties reiterated their commitment to respect and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms. The Parties agreed that the GoS would take the necessary legislative and other measures to protect and to promote the development of natural resources of the country and to combat environmental degradation. The Parties agreed that the Republic of the Sudan has a federal system of government in which power would be effectively devolved, and provided for the competencies of the different levels of government, namely National, State and Local level, with administration in Darfur done through the establishment of a Transitional Darfur Regional Authority (TDRA).
The Parties agreed that the permanent status of Darfur would be determined through a referendum which would decide on the creation of a Darfur Region composed of the three states, or maintenance of the status quo of three states. The Agreement further provides for effective participation in all institutions at federal and other levels, to ensure representation of Northern Sudan and Darfur in particular, including in the presidency and cabinet minister positions, national assembly, judiciary, national civil service, armed forces and law enforcement agencies and educational institutions. The Parties agreed on measures for pre-election power sharing in Darfur. The Agreement in addition provides provisions on wealth sharing, establishing principles to guide wealth sharing, and the establishment of a special fund for reconstruction and development of Darfur. The Parties in this regard agreed on the need for a special focus on the specific situation of women. The Agreement provides for assignment of revenue bases and specific fiscal entitlements of Darfur. The Parties further agreed on the need for macro-economic policies to contribute to reconstruction and development and for the national development policy to be equitable. The Parties agreed to establish a special fund for the rehabilitation, reconstruction, construction and development of Darfur states to be known as the Darfur Reconstruction and Development Fund (DRDF).
The Parties agreed that tribal land ownership rights would be recognised and protected and that displaced persons would have their land restored. The Parties agreed to the establishment of a National Land Commission. The Parties agreed on an Integration of Former Combatants Plan into the Sudan Armed Forces and support to former combatants through education and training programmes. The Parties agreed to DDR and the social and economic reintegration of former combatants. The Parties also agreed on Reform of Selected Security Institutions, including the State Police and Sudan Armed Forces, to ensure civilian oversight and fair representation of all groups. The Parties agreed to the holding of a Darfur-Darfur Dialogue and Consultation (DDDC) for representatives of all Darfurian stakeholders to discuss the challenges of restoring peace, overcoming the divisions between communities and resolving the existing problems to build a common future.