Parties in Libya’s Western Region agreed to a truce to stop violence and facilitate humanitarian access. They committed to cease all hostilities, withdraw to their respective areas, and open safe passages for aid. Both sides pledged to stop hostile media campaigns and avoid attacks or incursions into each other’s territories. They agreed to release detainees...
CSVR | CENTRE FOR THE STUDY OF VIOLENCE AND RECONCILIATION
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View AllA former French colony, Chad gained independence in August 1960. François Tombalbaye, leader of the Progressive Party (Parti Progressiste Tchadien, or PPT), became the first elected president of Chad. Shortly after, Tombalbaye dissolved all political parties, except the PPT, and by 1963 Chad was a one-party state. The PPT leadership, like the Chadian army, were predominantly from Tombalbaye’s ethnic group, the Sara. According to a parliamentary resolution of June 1964, all members of the National Assembly were mandated to be members of the PPT.
During Alegria’s war of independence against France (1954–1962), a number of revolutionary groups emerged, with the most prominent being the National Liberation Front (Front de Liberation Nationale, or FLN). As part of the agreement ending colonial occupation, the FLN banned political opposition, making Algeria a one-party state for 27 years.
In February 1965, The Gambia gained independence from colonial Britain, becoming a republic in April 1970. Dawda Jawara, head of the People’s Progressive Party, was the first prime minister and first elected president of independent Gambia. In July 1981, the government prevented a coup with the help of Senegalese forces. In 1982, Jawara and Senegalese President Abdou Diouf created the Senegambia Confederation, which involved economic, security and partial political integration of the two countries. The Confederation lasted until August 1989.
Lessons from the post-genocide Rwandan experiment and guidance from the 2019 AU Transitional Justice Policy show that criminal accountability is still an indispensable part of transitional justice, writes Usani Odum.
Transitional justice in African countries must not only acknowledge but also actively engage with the gendered impacts of conflicts on all individuals, especially women and girls, writes Mary Izobo.
Transitional justice is key to building peace and stability in Sudan after years of impunity, especially in light of the current conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, writes Abdelmageed Yahya.
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Integrating a transitional justice approach into climate finance negotiations and provision can help rectify historical wrongs, ensure fair distribution of resources, and support vulnerable populations in adapting to and mitigating the impacts of climate change, writes Augustine Njamnshi.
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Ring-fenced funding support and communities of practice are central to strengthening the media’s underestimated role in framing, refereeing and facilitating transitional justice in Africa, writes Makmid Kamara.
Ethiopia’s socio-political and economic crises are rooted in patronage and historically antagonistic ethnic, religious, and political relations. In 1895, Italy invaded Ethiopia, ensuing the first Italo-Ethiopian War. On 1 March 1896, Ethiopia overcame the invasion and won the war at the Battle of Adowa.[1] On 23 October 1896, the two warring parties signed the Treaty...
The strategies of civil society organisations that work closely with victims and survivors are key to the implementation and monitoring of transformative institutional reforms as part of transitional justice, writes Andrew Songa.