The Tebu and Zway tribes signed a reconciliation charter to end violent conflict in Kufra. Facilitated by tribal elders and local mediators, the agreement committed both parties to cease hostilities, enable displaced persons to return, and ensure the free movement of people and goods. The charter emphasised individual accountability for crimes, lifted tribal protection for...
CSVR | CENTRE FOR THE STUDY OF VIOLENCE AND RECONCILIATION
Gadgets
View All
Measures like public education committees and youth and children’s units within truth commissions, casting witnesses as national educators, rethinking truth commission names, and country studies centres can better integrate education into transitional justice, writes Baba G. Jallow.
Women-led and gender-sensitive climate action is key to sustainable peace, political stability and greater socioeconomic equality in Africa, writes Mary Izobo.
A former French and British colony, Seychellois society has been shaped by a history of slave labour and trade, resource exploitation, and racialised socioeconomic inequality. In 1756, the French administration occupied Seychelles. Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars, France was forced to give Seychelles to Britain as a condition of the Treaty of Paris of 1814, and the country was administered as a dependency of Mauritius. Like the French, the British profited from both economic and social exploitation based on slave labour. On 31 August 1903, Seychelles became a separate Crown colony, independent from Mauritius. It continued to be dependent on grants-in-aid from Britain until the 1960s.
The South African government bodies tasked with investigating and prosecuting apartheid-era political crimes must face closer public scrutiny and take stronger action to fast-track long-overdue justice for victims’ families and survivors, writes Katarzyna Zdunczyk.
Since its independence from Belgium in 1962, Burundi has struggled with ongoing interethnic conflicts and political instability. On 20 January 1959, King Mwami Mwambutsa IV of Burundi requested the country’s independence from Belgium and the dissolution of the Ruanda-Urundi union. The monarchy followed a Tutsi-aristocratic hierarchy of succession. Under the Belgian administration, it controlled the territory and its resources. Following the request, an upsurge of political parties in the Burundian territory advocated for the end of the Belgian colonial occupation and the separation of the territory. In November 1959, the Rwanda Revolution, also known as the Hutu Revolution, Social Revolution or Wind of Destruction, broke out with a series of riots and attacks on the Tutsi ethnic group. The political instability and ethnic conflict in Rwanda caused the displacement of many Rwandan Tutsi refugees, who fled to Burundi.
A former Belgian colony, the Democratic Republic of the Congo gained its independence on 30 June 1960. Following its independence, the country was first named the Republic of the Congo-Léopoldville, differentiating it from the neighbouring territory of the Republic of the Congo-Brazzaville. With the passing of the Luluabourg Constitution on 1 August 1964, the country was renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Joseph Kasavubu, leader of the Alliance of Bakongo (Alliance des Bakongo, or ABAKO), served as the country’s first president, with Patrice Lumumba, leader of the Congolese National Movement (Mouvement National Congolais, or MNC), as the prime minister. Immediately after gaining its sovereignty, the country experienced a mutiny and was embroiled in political chaos known as the Congo Crisis between 1960 and 1965.
Marketing
View All
The strategies of civil society organisations that work closely with victims and survivors are key to the implementation and monitoring of transformative institutional reforms as part of transitional justice, writes Andrew Songa.
