Peace Agreements African Transitional Justice Hub

Covering the period from decolonisation to 2020, this database provides an overview of peace agreements in Africa that contain components related to transitional justice.

As defined by the African Union Transitional Justice Policy (AUTJP), transitional justice encompasses “the various (formal and traditional or non-formal) policy measures and institutional mechanisms that societies, through an inclusive consultative process, adopt in order to overcome past violations, divisions and inequalities and to create conditions for both security and democratic and socio-economic transformation.” This database includes truth-seeking mechanisms, accountability mechanisms following on conflict or crisis periods, and political and institutional reforms. It also includes traditional justice, reparations, socioeconomic measures and recognition and restoration of the human rights of affected and vulnerable communities.

Peace processes are an indicative element of transitional justice. According to the AUTJP, they are “concerned with bringing an end to any ongoing violence and removing the threats of further violence impacting the affected population.” Peace negotiations and agreements ideally incorporate transitional justice considerations from the outset so as to positively influence the resolution of all dimensions of the conflict. This database focuses on peace agreements involving African states and national-level political players. Peace agreements at the subnational level and among non-state actors are not included, nor are agreements that relate only to ceasefires and their implementation or humanitarian aid.

Agreement between Several Armed Groups in South Kivu/North Kivu

The Acts of Engagement on South Kivu and on North Kivu contain the exact same wording. The Acts provided for the establishment of a Joint Technical Peace and Security Commission by the Government and the international facilitators of the agreement, towards restoration of State authority, including the police, administration and justice, as well as integration of the armed groups into ...

Central Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Agreement between the Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo and Heads of State Supporting the Peace Process in the Great Lakes

The Parties to the Sirte Agreement affirmed the security and integrity of the political borders of all states and agreed to cease hostilities to pave the way for dialogue and peaceful resolution. The Parties further agreed to deployment of neutral African peacekeeping forces in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and reaffirmed the need to hold those responsible for the ...

Angola, Burundi, Central Africa, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Libya, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Agreement between the Government of the DRC and the Government of Rwanda

In the 2002 Agreement, the Parties agreed to put in place a mechanism for the normalisation of the security situation along their common border. The Agreement further provided for repatriation of ex-FAR and Interahamwe forces. In the Nairobi Communiqué, the Parties reiterated that the ex-FAR/Interahamwe constitute a major threat to peace and security of Rwanda, the DRC and the countries ...

Central Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda

Agreement between the Government of the DRC and the Government of Uganda

In the Luanda Agreement the Parties agreed to put in place a Joint Pacification Committee on Ituri consisting of the Parties, the political, military, economic and social forces active in the Bunia area, and the inhabitant grassroots communities. The Parties further agreed to cooperate in the areas of defence and security, including training and coordinated border patrols. In terms of ...

Central Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda

Agreement between the Government of the DRC, RCD, MLC and the Political Opposition

The Declaration confirms as Principles national reconciliation and a new political order as the basis for rebuilding a DRC where the people are united, reconciled and free of tribalism, regionalism, ethnicism and all forms of hatred, and for the promotion of an environment for lasting peace. It provides for the inclusion of the political opposition and the forces vives in ...

Central Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Agreements for Security, Stability and Development in the Great Lakes Region

These agreements together aim to promote sustainable peace and security in the Great Lakes region. The Preamble to the Pact on Security, Stability and Development reaffirms the “individual and collective determination to transform the Great Lakes Region into a space of durable peace and security, of political and social stability, and of economic growth and shared development by multi-sector cooperation ...

Angola, Burundi, Central Africa, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, East Africa, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Uganda, Zambia

Peace Agreement between the Government of DRC and CNDP

The Parties agreed to the transformation of the CNDP into a political party, the integration of its police and security forces into the Congolese National Police and the National Armed Forces, and CNDP’s participation in politics. The Parties agreed to the release of political prisoners and the enactment of an amnesty law, as well as strict observance of the independence ...

Central Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Peace Agreement between the Government of the DRC and M23

The Parties reached an agreement on 11 points, including the decision by M23 to transform itself into a political party, amnesty to M23 for acts of war and insurgency, demobilisation of former M23 combatants, return of refugees and IDPs to their homes, formation of a commission to handle the return of property (including land), national reconciliation and justice, and social, ...

Central Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo